V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina opisov hluchotou postihnut\u00fdch liter\u00e1rnych post\u00e1v poch\u00e1dzala z pr\u00edbehov spisovate\u013eov.<\/p>\n\n
Kult\u00farne postoje k hluchote boli do zna\u010dnej miery odzrkad\u013eovan\u00e9 vo vtedaj\u0161ej literat\u00fare.<\/p>\n\n
V mnoh\u00fdch star\u0161\u00edch, klasick\u00fdch rom\u00e1noch boli nepo\u010duj\u00faci \u010dasto vykres\u013eovan\u00ed spisovate\u013emi negat\u00edvne. Pova\u017eovali ich za podvodn\u00edkov, skazen\u00fdch alebo ne\u010destn\u00fdch.<\/p>\n\n
S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00ed autori s\u00fa v\u010faka lingvistick\u00fdm a pedagogick\u00fdm \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1m st\u00e1le viac informovan\u00ed a zobrazuj\u00fa hluchotu v lep\u0161om svetle.<\/p>\n\n
V eur\u00f3pskej literat\u00fare by sme chceli vyzdvihn\u00fa\u0165 tri hlavn\u00e9 nepo\u010duj\u00face postavy: Duncan Campbell (1720), Quasimodo z diela \u201eChr\u00e1m Matky Bo\u017eej v Par\u00ed\u017ei\u201c (1831), a rozpr\u00e1vanie o starom nepo\u010duj\u00facom mu\u017eovi od Hemingwaya (1927).<\/p>\n\n
\u201eHist\u00f3ria \u017eivota a dobrodru\u017estv\u00e1 p\u00e1na Duncana Campbella\u201c \u00fadajne nap\u00edsal Daniel Defoe, ale je to nepravdepodobn\u00e9, najm\u00e4 preto, \u017ee knihu vydal Defoeov nepriate\u013e Edmund Curll. Duncan Campbell, ktor\u00fd \u017eil medzi XVII. a XVIII. storo\u010d\u00edm, bol nepo\u010duj\u00faci \u0161k\u00f3tsky mu\u017e. Vyhl\u00e1sil, \u017ee m\u00e1 magick\u00e9 ve\u0161teck\u00e9 schopnosti, ktor\u00e9 pri\u0165ahovali ve\u013ek\u00fa pozornos\u0165 na miestach, ktor\u00e9 nav\u0161t\u00edvil, najm\u00e4 v lond\u00fdnskych \u0161\u013eachtick\u00fdch kruhoch.<\/p>\n\n
V roku 1831 sa pres\u00favame do Franc\u00fazska, kde Victor Hugo p\u00ed\u0161e \u201eChr\u00e1m Matky Bo\u017eej v Par\u00ed\u017ei\u201c, opisuje v \u0148om Quasimoda, zvon\u00e1ra najsl\u00e1vnej\u0161ej par\u00ed\u017eskej katedr\u00e1ly ako zmrza\u010den\u00fa ohyzdn\u00fa bytos\u0165. Je jednook\u00fd, chrom\u00fd a (po dlh\u0161om \u010dase str\u00e1venom v bl\u00edzkosti zvonov) hluch\u00fd. Quasimodo je synom r\u00f3mskej rodiny (v rom\u00e1ne naz\u00fdvanej \u00e9gyptienne alebo cig\u00e1ni), ktor\u00e1 ho opustila ako \u0161tvorro\u010dn\u00e9ho v Notre-Dame kv\u00f4li jeho deform\u00e1cii. Tu sa ho ujal arcidiakon Claude Frollo, ktor\u00fd mu dal meno (Quasimodo) a urobil z neho zvon\u00e1ra katedr\u00e1ly, \u010d\u00edm ho prekonvertoval na katol\u00edcke n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo.<\/p>\n\n
V nasleduj\u00facom storo\u010d\u00ed, presnej\u0161ie v roku 1927, nap\u00edsal Ernest Hemingway poviedku \u201e\u010cist\u00fd, dobre osvetlen\u00fd podnik\u201c, v ktorej vystupuje tich\u00fd hrdina, star\u00fd nepo\u010duj\u00faci mu\u017e. V pr\u00edbehu sa ni\u010d nedeje, dvaja \u010da\u0161n\u00edci by chceli kaviare\u0148 zavrie\u0165, no musia po\u010dka\u0165 na posledn\u00e9ho klienta: nepo\u010duj\u00faceho mu\u017ea, ktor\u00fd sa ned\u00e1vno pok\u00fasil o samovra\u017edu. Mor\u00e1lny v\u00fdznam pr\u00edbehu vych\u00e1dza z my\u0161lienky druh\u00e9ho \u010da\u0161n\u00edka, ktor\u00fd poci\u0165uje s\u00facit s \u013eudskou potrebou \u010dist\u00e9ho, dobre osvetlen\u00e9ho miesta, ak\u00fdm je kaviare\u0148 – z\u00e1klad\u0148a v tme.<\/p>\n\n
Tieto tri postavy s\u00fa zauj\u00edmav\u00e9, preto\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 reaguje inak na situ\u00e1ciu, v ktorej \u017eije. Nepozn\u00e1me d\u00f4vody, kv\u00f4li ktor\u00fdm s\u00fa hluch\u00ed, okrem Quasimoda: jeho osoba je v\u00fdsledkom \u201evonkaj\u0161\u00edch\u201c rozhodnut\u00ed, vr\u00e1tane hluchoty, ktor\u00fa sp\u00f4sobili zvony katedr\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina opisov hluchotou postihnut\u00fdch liter\u00e1rnych post\u00e1v poch\u00e1dzala z pr\u00edbehov spisovate\u013eov. Kult\u00farne postoje k hluchote boli do zna\u010dnej miery odzrkad\u013eovan\u00e9 vo vtedaj\u0161ej literat\u00fare. V mnoh\u00fdch star\u0161\u00edch, klasick\u00fdch rom\u00e1noch boli nepo\u010duj\u00faci \u010dasto vykres\u013eovan\u00ed spisovate\u013emi negat\u00edvne. Pova\u017eovali ich za podvodn\u00edkov, skazen\u00fdch alebo ne\u010destn\u00fdch. S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00ed autori s\u00fa v\u010faka lingvistick\u00fdm a pedagogick\u00fdm \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1m st\u00e1le viac informovan\u00ed a zobrazuj\u00fa hluchotu v […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4098,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9118","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-sk"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9118","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9118"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9118\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9119,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9118\/revisions\/9119"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4098"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9118"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9118"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9118"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}