{"id":9174,"date":"2023-07-01T13:38:00","date_gmt":"2023-07-01T11:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/rozpravanie-a-ucenie-sa-jazykov\/"},"modified":"2024-05-14T14:30:25","modified_gmt":"2024-05-14T12:30:25","slug":"rozpravanie-a-ucenie-sa-jazykov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/rozpravanie-a-ucenie-sa-jazykov\/","title":{"rendered":"Rozpr\u00e1vanie a u\u010denie sa jazykov"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Rozpr\u00e1vanie je jednou z najstar\u0161\u00edch foriem \u013eudskej komunik\u00e1cie a vzdel\u00e1vania. Najstar\u0161ie z\u00e1znamy o rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1me, s\u00fa vizu\u00e1lne pr\u00edbehy, ako napr\u00edklad kresby prehistorick\u00fdch jask\u00fd\u0148. Tie s\u00fa mo\u017eno zalo\u017een\u00e9 na osobn\u00fdch sk\u00fasenostiach a \u00fastnych trad\u00edci\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 sme si odovzd\u00e1vali z gener\u00e1cie na gener\u00e1ciu \u00fastne. Aj b\u00e1jky, pr\u00edbehy s vyslovene didaktick\u00fdm posolstvom, boli prostriedkom vzdel\u00e1vania a mo\u017eno ich n\u00e1js\u0165 v mnoh\u00fdch starovek\u00fdch civiliz\u00e1ci\u00e1ch po celom svete.<\/p>\n\n<p>V priebehu rokov sa v literat\u00fare ve\u013ea pop\u00edsalo o efekt\u00edvnosti rozpr\u00e1vania pr\u00edbehov ako pedagogick\u00e9ho n\u00e1stroja pri \u0161pecifickom rozvoji jazykov\u00fdch zru\u010dnost\u00ed v prvom (L1) jazyku, ako aj v cudzom alebo druhom jazyku (L2), bez oh\u013eadu na \u00farove\u0148 \u0161tudentov, vek alebo p\u00f4vod (napr. Cameron, 2001). Pr\u00edbehy obsahuj\u00fa lingvistick\u00e9, para lingvistick\u00e9 a kult\u00farne prvky, ktor\u00e9 efekt\u00edvne pom\u00e1haj\u00fa \u0161tudentom rozv\u00edja\u0165 ich zru\u010dnosti v cudzom jazyku.<\/p>\n\n<p>Je to sn\u00e1\u010f jedna z najefekt\u00edvnej\u0161\u00edch a najp\u00fatavej\u0161\u00edch met\u00f3d u\u010denia sa cudz\u00edch jazykov, ktor\u00e1 pom\u00e1ha \u0161tudentom zlep\u0161i\u0165 si slovn\u00fa z\u00e1sobu, gramatiku, po\u010d\u00favanie s porozumen\u00edm a celkov\u00fa plynulos\u0165. Tu s\u00fa niektor\u00e9 z k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch v\u00fdhod pou\u017e\u00edvania rozpr\u00e1vania pr\u00edbehov pri osvojovan\u00ed jazyka:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0161tudent si zlep\u0161uje slovn\u00fa z\u00e1sobu a po\u010d\u00favanie<\/strong><br\/>\u0160tudent pracuje s \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lou slovnej z\u00e1soby. Ke\u010f\u017ee t\u00e1to slovn\u00e1 z\u00e1soba je prezentovan\u00e1 v kontexte a u\u010diaci sa bude ma\u0165 opakovan\u00fa expoz\u00edciu, je \u013eah\u0161ie rozv\u00edja\u0165 pochopenie nov\u00fdch slov a idiomatick\u00fdch v\u00fdrazov.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>zlep\u0161uje to i re\u010dov\u00e9 schopnosti<\/strong><br\/>\u0160tudent m\u00f4\u017ee prerozpr\u00e1va\u0165 alebo dokonca zahra\u0165 pr\u00edbeh, ktor\u00fd s\u00e1m po\u010dul alebo \u010d\u00edtal. Rozpr\u00e1vanie tie\u017e podnecuje konverz\u00e1ciu, kde \u0161tudent priamo vyu\u017eije novoz\u00edskan\u00fa slovn\u00fa z\u00e1sobu a v\u00fdrazy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>podporuje tie\u017e kult\u00farne porozumenie<\/strong><br\/>Pr\u00edbehy \u010dasto odr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa kult\u00farne aspekty jazyka vr\u00e1tane zvykov, trad\u00edci\u00ed a hodn\u00f4t. Prostredn\u00edctvom pr\u00edbehov \u017eiaci z\u00edskaj\u00fa poh\u013ead na kult\u00farne nuansy cie\u013eov\u00e9ho jazyka, \u010d\u00edm sa posiln\u00ed medzi kult\u00farna kompetencia a hlb\u0161ie uznanie jazyka (Byram, 1997).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>vytv\u00e1ra vy\u0161\u0161iu motiv\u00e1ciu<\/strong><br\/>Rozpr\u00e1vanie pr\u00edbehov je ve\u013emi p\u00fatav\u00e9. Up\u00fata pozornos\u0165 \u017eiakov od sam\u00e9ho za\u010diatku a spr\u00edjemn\u00ed u\u010denie. Pri vy\u0161\u0161ej \u00farovni pozornosti je zapam\u00e4tate\u013enos\u0165 nau\u010denej l\u00e1tky vy\u0161\u0161ia, pri\u010dom zlep\u0161enie u\u010diacich sa je vy\u0161\u0161ie ako zvy\u010dajne. \u017diaci sa bud\u00fa c\u00edti\u0165 \u00faspe\u0161nej\u0161\u00ed a bud\u00fa motivovan\u00ed pokra\u010dova\u0165 v u\u010den\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Ak sa p\u00fdtate, ak\u00fd typ pr\u00edbehu by ste mali pre svojich \u017eiakov zvoli\u0165, tu je nieko\u013eko n\u00e1padov, s ktor\u00fdmi m\u00f4\u017eete pracova\u0165:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Osobn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti<\/strong>: \u010cerpajte z vlastn\u00e9ho \u017eivota a sk\u00fasenost\u00ed. Prem\u00fd\u0161\u013eajte o v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch udalostiach, vtipn\u00fdch pr\u00edhod\u00e1ch alebo emot\u00edvnych momentoch, s ktor\u00fdmi nem\u00e1te probl\u00e9m sa podeli\u0165 so \u017eiakmi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u013dudov\u00e9 rozpr\u00e1vky a mytol\u00f3gia<\/strong>: Presk\u00famajte tradi\u010dn\u00e9 \u013eudov\u00e9 rozpr\u00e1vky, m\u00fdty a legendy z va\u0161ej kult\u00fary, ale aj z in\u00fdch kult\u00far. Tieto pr\u00edbehy maj\u00fa \u010dasto nad\u010dasov\u00e9 t\u00e9my a nes\u00fa mor\u00e1lne ponau\u010denia, ktor\u00e9 zaujm\u00fa va\u0161ich \u017eiakov.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Literat\u00fara a knihy<\/strong>: Ponorte sa do kn\u00edh a literat\u00fary, aby ste na\u0161li pr\u00edbehy, ktor\u00e9 bud\u00fa rezonova\u0165 s va\u0161imi \u017eiakmi. H\u013eadajte kr\u00e1tke pr\u00edbehy, rom\u00e1ny alebo dokonca po\u00e9ziu, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eete upravi\u0165 a prerozpr\u00e1va\u0165 vlastn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom. A neh\u013eadajte len zn\u00e1mych autorov a diela. Prekvapte svojich \u017eiakov literat\u00farou z r\u00f4znych kraj\u00edn a kult\u00farnych perspekt\u00edv.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rodina a priatelia<\/strong>: Porozpr\u00e1vajte sa s rodinou a priate\u013emi. Mo\u017eno maj\u00fa nejak\u00e9 skvel\u00e9 pr\u00edbehy alebo anekdoty o ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00f4\u017eete podeli\u0165 so svojimi \u017eiakmi alebo ich pou\u017ei\u0165 ako in\u0161pir\u00e1ciu pre pr\u00edbeh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kult\u00farne trad\u00edcie a zvyky<\/strong>: Presk\u00famajte svoje vlastn\u00e9 kult\u00farne z\u00e1zemie alebo presk\u00famajte in\u00e9 kult\u00fary, aby ste na\u0161li pr\u00edbehy zakorenen\u00e9 v ich trad\u00edci\u00e1ch, zvykoch alebo folkl\u00f3re. Je to ve\u013emi zauj\u00edmav\u00fd pr\u00edstup, ke\u010f m\u00e1te \u017eiakov z r\u00f4znych kult\u00farnych prostred\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Rozpr\u00e1vanie pr\u00edbehov je ve\u013emi tvoriv\u00fd proces a in\u0161pir\u00e1ciu m\u00f4\u017eete n\u00e1js\u0165 v \u0161irokom spektre zdrojov. Vyberte si pr\u00edbehy, s ktor\u00fdmi sa va\u0161i \u017eiaci m\u00f4\u017eu stoto\u017eni\u0165, ale aj tak\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1s zaujm\u00fa, preto\u017ee va\u0161e nad\u0161enie bude vy\u017earova\u0165 z v\u00e1s, ke\u010f im budete pr\u00edbeh rozpr\u00e1va\u0165&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rozpr\u00e1vanie je jednou z najstar\u0161\u00edch foriem \u013eudskej komunik\u00e1cie a vzdel\u00e1vania. Najstar\u0161ie z\u00e1znamy o rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1me, s\u00fa vizu\u00e1lne pr\u00edbehy, ako napr\u00edklad kresby prehistorick\u00fdch jask\u00fd\u0148. Tie s\u00fa mo\u017eno zalo\u017een\u00e9 na osobn\u00fdch sk\u00fasenostiach a \u00fastnych trad\u00edci\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 sme si odovzd\u00e1vali z gener\u00e1cie na gener\u00e1ciu \u00fastne. Aj b\u00e1jky, pr\u00edbehy s vyslovene didaktick\u00fdm posolstvom, boli prostriedkom vzdel\u00e1vania a mo\u017eno [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3894,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9174","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-sk"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9174","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9174"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9174\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9175,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9174\/revisions\/9175"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9174"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9174"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bibliolingua.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9174"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}